Exam review Essay Example for Free

Exam review Essay List three examples of operating system software. Linux, OS X, and Microsoft Windows List three examples of application software. Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop, and Visual Studio Programs that make a computer useful for everyday tasks are known as application software What is used to translate high level language programs to machine language (or machine code)? Compiler What both translates and executes the instructions in a high level language program? What was the first programming language designed to perform complex math functions? Interpreter. Fortran Rules that are strictly enforced during compilation are called what? Syntax Rules What are violations of strictly enforced rules during compilation called? Syntax Errors Which will not prevent compilation, syntax or logical errors? Logic Errors Instead of binary numbers, assembly language uses short words for instructions known as what? Mnemonics Name a high level language you use in the course. Visual Basic The words that make up a high level programming language are known as what? Keywords Which runs faster a compiled or an interpreted program? Compiled Which language utilizes binary numbers like 01110000? Machine Language How many steps are in the Program Development Cycle and what are they? 1 Design the Program2 Write the Code3 Correct Syntax Errors4 Test the Executable Code 5 Debug the Code What is an informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or executed? Pseudo Code What is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program? Flowchart What is a set of statements that execute in the order that they appear? Sequence Structure What is a logical design that controls the order in which a set of statements execute? Control Structure What graphically displays boxes that represent each module in a program? Hierarchy Chart Which flowchart symbol represents a terminal point like Start or Stop? Oval Which flowchart symbol represents processing and is used with the keywords Set and Declare? Rectangle Which flowchart symbol represents decisions and is used with the keywords If/Then? Diamond Which flowchart symbol represents input and output and is used with the keywords Input and Display? Parallelogram Which flowchart symbol represents calling modules and is used with the keyword Call? Rectangle with 2 Vertical Lines In programming, a storage location in memory is called what? Variable A variable that is declared inside a module is called what? Local Variable What is the term that describes the part of the program that a variable can be accessed? Scope A variable that can be seen throughout the program is called what? Global Variable True or false: A variable can begin with a number. False True or false: A variable can contain spaces. False True or false: A variable can have a number as the last character of the variable name? True True or false: A variable can contain an underscore. True True or false: A constant can be changed during execution of a program. False True of false: A variable can be changed during execution of a program. True What are the four main data types discussed in class so far? 1. Integer2. Real3. String4. Boolean What is used to check the relationship between two values? Relational Operator Which relational operator is used to denote greater than or equal to? = Which relational operator is used to denote not equal to? != Which relational operator is used to denote less than? What is the difference between using the relational operator = and the relational operator ==? = is used for assignment and == is used for comparison What is the symbol used to indicate raised to the x power in pseudo code? ^ What is the truth table for AND? True AND True = True True AND False = False False AND False = False False AND True = False What is the truth table for OR? True OR True = True True OR False = True False OR False = False False OR True = True What does NOT False evaluate to? True Indicate three benefits of modules? Faster Development, Simpler Code, Code reuse What is a variable passed to a module called? Argument Define the abbreviation ASCII. American Standard Code for Information Interchange Relational Operators Great Then Less Then = Greater Then or Equal 7 is false 5 7 Is True (5 7) or (10 3) is True (5 7) and (10 3) is False NOT (5 7 ) and (10 3 )is true because the NOT reverses All programming languages that allow you to create expressions that can be evaluated as either true or false are called ? Boolean expressions. Boolean expressions uses relational operators

The Lost World: Summary :: essays research papers

The Lost World: Summary The Lost World by Michael Crichton is a great science fiction novel about a group of scientists of different fields that go on an expedition to an island to bring back a rich and stubborn scientist from a test expedition that he cared about more than his life. The "lost world" is an island off the coast of Costa Rica called Isla Sorna on which a company named InGen (Short for International Genetics Corps.), genetically engineered and contrived dinosaurs which were extinct since 65 million years. This island was used as an incubator for the dinosaurs before they were shipped to another island close by called Isla Nublar. Isla Nublar was leased by InGen for a biological preserve for tourists to see the dinosaurs at a certain cost. After a tremendous tragedy at Isla Nublar, the company went bankrupt and destroyed Isla Nublar. They did not bother to mess with Isla Sorna because of publicity reasons. For six years no one knew about this lost world. Many times there were cases of large unknown animals at Costa Rica, but no one found out what they actually were or where they had come from. A rich scientist named Dr. Richard Levine performed research on some of these animals and found some clues which led him to the lost island. He set out on a test expedition with his colleague to find out exactly if he was on the right island. He missed his boat back home to the states. So, he called his friend, Dr. Thorne with his satellite phone and left a message asking him to come down to the island and get on with the expedition. Dr. Thorne, Ian Malcolm, Dr. Sarah Harding , and two kids that sneaked in with them, went to the island to rescue Dr. Levine and explore the behaviors of the dinosaurs on the island. When they get to the island, they find out that they aren't the only ones that were looking for dinosaurs. Three men led by Dodgson from another genetics company called Biosyn, were also there, looking for dinosaurs to open up their own theme park. Many things go wrong on the island. Some of the people get too close to the dinosaurs and they get into trouble, Sarah Harding takes a baby from the Tyrannasaurus's nest because it looked sick and the mother comes looking for her baby. This island was lost by InGen for six years, and it was the only place in the world that time had passed by. Since 65 million years, the dinosaurs

Describe the Fluid-Mosaic Model of a Plasma Membrane

Describe the fluid-mosaic model of a plasma membrane. Discuss the role of the membrane in the movement of materials through it by each of the following processes: a. Active transport b. Passive transport The plasma membrane is a semi permeable barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment. The plasma membrane is made up of carbohydrates, cholesterol, proteins, and a lipid bilayer, or double layer of lipids. The plasma membrane may be known as a fluid mosaic model where the membrane is a fluid structure with various proteins embedded in or attached to the bilayer of phospholipids.The plasma membrane possesses hydrophilic tails and hydrophobic tails, which may be referred to as amphiphilic. There are various ways that materials may pass through the membrane. Movement across the membrane may be classified into two different categories, passive transport and active transport. Passive transport does not require energy to occur. During passive transport the mol ecules will move from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration.In other words, the molecules are moving down their concentration gradient. A concentration gradient is the increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area. The three types of passive transport are diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Diffusion is the tendency for molecules of any substance to spread out into the available space. The plasma membrane is semi permeable so diffusion across the plasma membrane may only occur with a few substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and alcohol.Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. When osmosis occurs in the plasma membrane the molecules will move from hypotonic to hypertonic. Facilitated Diffusion is polar molecules and ions impeded by the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane diffusing passively with the help of transport proteins that span the membrane. The transport protein, aquaporins, will allow for water to diffuse passively. There are other transport proteins, such as glucose umps, that aid with the movement of materials. Active transport is movement across the membrane that does require energy to occur. ATP will supply the energy for active transport. During active transport, molecules will move from places of low concentration to places of high concentration. Active transport requires energy because it must transport the molecules against their concentration gradient. There are four different subdivisions of active transport, primary, secondary, endocytosis, and exocytosis.Primary active will manifest in the form of certain transport proteins that require energy to function, such as the sodium-potassium pump. Secondary active transport is another subdivision of active transport. During secondary active transport molecules may move by symtransport, which is particles moving in the same direction, or antitransport, which is particles moving in the opposite dire ction. Primary and secondary active transport is utilized for small particles to be transported across the plasma membrane.Endocytosis is the cellular uptake of macromolecules and particulate substances by localized regions of the plasma membrane that surround the substance and pinch off to form an intracellular vesicle. Endocytosis is for materials that may be entering the cell. Endocytosis may be completed by phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis. Phagocytosis is a cell engulfing a particle by wrapping pseudopodia around it and packaging it within a membrane-enclosed sac to be digested. Pinocytosis is a cell â€Å"gulping† droplets of extracellular fluid into tiny vesicles.Receptor-mediated endocytosis is the movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in. Receptor-mediated endocytosis is accomplished with the help of hormones. Exo cytosis is the cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane. Exocytosis is for materials that may be exiting the cell. Exocytosis may also be referred to as secretion or excretion. Secretion is the expulsion of digestive enzymes while excretion is the expulsion of waste.

How Banks Went Broke A Look Into The Financial Crisis Of...

Lawrence Humes 4/28/15 Mr. Donnellan Period 1 How Banks Went Broke: A Look into the Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 Nobody foresaw what was about to happen to the economy. In the beginning of the 21st Century the economy was at a state of peace and unity. People were taking loans and purchasing houses that they normally couldn’t afford while these houses were increasing in value. The banks were giving out loans to the people to purchase the houses and earning money on the interest of those loans and the commission of the loan. That is when people began to notice the advantages of what could be taken from this economic situation. With a new method of earning money quickly and easily, it is no surprise that everybody began to try†¦show more content†¦Banks were intelligent enough to realize that the people who were taking and asking for loans were unlikely candidates to pay them back. The banks knew that by giving out these loans that the people would result in two ways. One being to actually pay back the loan with interest to the bank, or two, be forced to foreclose their house. Ei ther way the bank didn’t care because they were making money and getting rich either way. If the people actually paid back their loans, the bank is guaranteed profit through the interest incorporated in the loan and the commission made by the sale. If the people couldn’t pay, there still is a great opportunity for the bank to make profit through selling them to investors. Right before the depression the value of homes was steadily increasing. With a person’s foreclosed house, a bank was able to resell that house and potentially make even more money than if the person has paid back his entire loan with interest. For banks, it was a win-win situation. They saw dollar signs in every possible direction and went for it. They did not care how they were making their money, just as long as there was profit within reach. Money is all that mattered to these banks. (Casil) People also began to buy houses